HUBUNGAN SIMTOM KECEMASAN DAN SIMTOM DEPRESI TERHADAP NILAI BLOK PADA MAHASISWA FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH SUMATERA UTARA ANGKATAN 2019
Keywords:
Anxiety, Academic Achievement Index, Medical Students
Abstract
Based on the 2013 Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) the prevalence of the Indonesian population experienced national
mental emotional disorders such as anxiety disorders by 6%. Depression and anxiety can affect student learning outcomes,
because depression and anxiety tend to produce perceptual distortions and confusion. This distortion and confusion will
disrupt students' learning by weakening their ability to focus, decreasing memory, and interfering with the ability to relate one
thing to another. Symptoms of depression and anxiety that appear in individuals are decreased concentration, sleep
disturbances and loss of enthusiasm for daily activities. All three are part of internal factors that affect learning achievement,
so that depression can have an impact on academic achievement. To find out the relationship between the level of anxiety
symptoms on the academic achievement index in the students class 2016 in the Faculty of Medicine, University of
Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara. This study was descriptive analytic with a cross sectional design. The results of this study
used the Kruskal-Wallis test. Kruskal-Wallis test analysis obtained the value of P Value as indicated by the value of Asymp.
Sig is 0.005 which means there is no influence on the level of anxiety symptoms on the academic achievement index.
There is no correlation between the level of anxiety symptoms towards the academic achievement index in the students class
2016 in the Faculty of Medicine, University of Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara.
References
Umar J, Mardapi D, Azwar S, Purwono U, Hayat B, Guritnsningsih, et al. Uji Validitas Konstruk Beck Depression Inventory-II
(BDI-II). J Psikologi. 2015:(4).
Kaplan,H.I., Sadock,B.J. Retardasimental dalam sinopsis psikiatri. Bina rupa aksara. Tangerang.2010.
Chand SP, Arif H. Depresi. Universitas Drexel, rumah sakit Hahnemann Un.2019.
Zubaidi Moch Mu’id. Penyesuaian Diri pada Mahasiswa Salah Jurusan. Tesis. Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga.
2016.
Mancevska S, Bozinovska L, Tecce J, Pluncevik GJ, Sivevska SE. Depression, anxiety and substance use in medical
students in the Republic of Macedonia. Bratisl Lek Listy. 2008; 109(12):568-72.
Chandratika D, Purnawati S. Gangguan Cemas Pada Mahasiswa Semester I Dan Vii Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana. E-Jurnal Med Udayana. 2014;1–12. Available from:
http://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/eum/article/view/11931
World Health Organization. Depression and other common mental disorders: global health estimates. 2015.
AmericanPsychological Association. Available from: url: http://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/stress/2015/snapshot.aspx.
Suprapta I, Bidjuni H, Karundeng M. faktor intrinsik yang berhubungan dengan tingkat kecemasan pada klien yang terpasang
terapi cairan intravena. 2015; 3(2): 1-7.
Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas). Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan RI. 2013.
Grenier J, Greenman PS, Grenier J, Ps G, Farmanova E. Annals of Depression and Anxiety Scoping Review of Risk Factors
of Anxiety Disorders and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder : A Public Health Perspective. Ann Depress Anxiety. 2015;2(7).
Lazary J, Eszlari N, Juhasz G, Bagdy G. Genetically reduced FAAH activity may be a risk for the development of anxiety and
depression in persons with repetitive childhood trauma. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2016;26(6):1020-1028.
Grisham JR, Anderson TM, Poulton R, Moffitt TE, Andrews G. Childhood neuropsychological deficits associated with adult
obsessive-compulsive disorder. Br J Psychiatry. 2009; 195: 138-141.
Simran G, Sangeeta N, Lily W. Evaluation of examination anxiety status and its associated factors among first professional
medical (MBBS) students. IJIMS 2015; 2(8): 1-11.
Yuhelrida, Andriani P, Sofya AP. tingkat kecemasan dalam menghadapi OSCE FKG Unisyah. 2016;1(11):26–31.
Muris P, van BAM, Arntz A, Schouten E. Behavioral Inhibition as a Risk Factor for the Development of Childhood Anxiety
Disorders: A Longitudinal Study. J Child Fam Stud. 2011; 20: 157-170.
Rapee RM. Family factors in the development and management of anxiety disorders. Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev. 2012; 15:
69-80.
Chavira DA, Stein MB. Childhood social anxiety disorder: from understanding to treatment. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric
Clinics of North America. 2005;14:797–818.
Muris P. The pathogenesis of childhood anxiety disorders: considerations from a developmental psychopathology
perspective. International Journal of Behavioural Development. 2006b;30:5–11.
Brook AC, Schmidt AL. Social anxiety disorder: A review of environmental risk factors. Neuropsychiatry Disease Treat. 2008
Feb; 4(1): 123–143.
Susanto A, Sunoto I. Pengukuran tingkat kecemasan mahasiswa dalam menghadapi skripsi dengan pendekatan fuzzy
infrence system mamdani. 2016; 2(2): 101.
Elvira, Sylvia D & Hadisukanto, Gitayanti 2013. Buku Ajar Psikiatri Edisi Kedua. Jakarta: Badan Penerbit FKUI. hal 259-283.
Sutjiato M, Kandou GD, Tucunan AAT. Hubungan Faktor Internal dan Eksternal dengan Tingkat Stress pada Mahasiswa
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado Internal and External Factors Correlated with Stress Levels Medical
Students University of Sam Ratulangi. 2015:30-42.
Rifai D, Pratiwi N. Analisis jalur terhadap faktor faktor yang mempengaruhi indeks prestasi kumulatif (IPK) mahasiswa.
2018;3(1):31-39.
Rosadi R, Hidayat A, Kharismawan B. Aplikasi K-Means Clustering Untuk Mengelompokan Data Kinerja Akademik
Mahasiswa. 2016;(November):26–7.
Daruyani S, Yuciana W, Hasbi Y. Faktor-Faktor Yang Memepengaruhi Indeks Prestasi Mahasiswa FSM Universitas
Diponegoro Semester Pertama dengan Metode Regresi Logistik Biner. Jurnal. FSM Undip; 2013.
Riezky A K, Sitompul A Z. Hubungan Motivasi Belajar Dengan Indeks Prestasi Kumulatif Mahasiswa Program Studi
Pendidikan Dokter Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Abulyatama. J Aceh Med. 2017;1(2):79–86.
Kertamuda F, Herdiansyah H. Pengaruh Startegi Coping Terhadap Penyesuaian Diri Mahasiswa Baru. Jurnal Universitas
Paramadina Vol.6 No.1, April 2009:11-23.
Rasmun. Stres, Coping dan Adaptasi, Teori dan Pohon Masalah Keperawatan, Jakarta. Sagung Seto, 2014:29.
Carison NR. Psychology, the science of behavior, sixth edition. United states of America, Pearson Education Inc. 2007:536.
Smet B. Psikologi Kesehatan, Jakarta. Grasindo, 1994:143.
Yusuf S. Mental Hygiene, perkembangan kesehatan mental dan kajian psikologi dan agama, Bandung. Pustaka Bani
Quraisy, 2004:115.
Hardjana AM. Stres tanpa distres, Seni mengelola stres, Yogyakarta. Kanisius, 1994:103.
Akbar D. Hubungan Antara Tingkat Kecemasan Dengan Prestasi Akademik Mahasiswa Di Fakultas Psikologi Universitas
Muhammadiyah Surakarta. J Chem Inf Model. 2015;53(9):1689–99.
Vitasari P, Wahab MN, Othman A, Awang MG., The Use of Study Anxiety Intervention in Reducing Anxiety to Improve
Academic Performance among University Students. International Journal of Psychological Studies. 2010; 2:89-95.
Maulana ZF, Soleha TU, Saftrarina F, Siagian JMC. Perbedaan Tingkat Stres antara Mahasiswa Tahun Pertama dan Tahun
Kedua di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lampung. Majority. 2014;3(4):154-162.
Kautsar F, Gustopo D, Achmadi F. Uji Validitas dan Reliabilitas Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale Terhadap Kecemasan dan
Produktivitas Pekerja Visual Inspection PT . Widatra Bhakti. Semin Nas Teknol. 2015;588–92.
Donzuso G, Cerasa A, Gioia MC, Caracciolo M, Quattrone A. The neuroanatomical correlates of anxiety in a healthy
population: differences between the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale. Brain Behav
2014;4:504– 514.
Maier W, Buller R, Philipp M, Heuser I. The Hamilton Anxiety Scale: reliability, validity and sensitivity to change in anxiety
and depressive disorders. J Affect Disord 1988;14:61–68.
Sastroasmoro S, Ismael S. Dasar-dasar metodologi penelitian klinis, ed.5. Sagung Seto; 2014. p.88-104.
Dahlan MS. Besar sampel dan cara pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian kedokteran dan kesehatan, ed.3. Salemba
Medika; 2013. p. 1-62.
Dahlan MS. STATISTIK untuk kedokteran dan kesehatan, ed.6. Epidemiologi indonesia; 2014. p.71.
Hashmat S, Hashmat M, Aziz S. Factors causing exam anxiety in medical students. Journal of Pakistan Medical Education.
2008; 58(4): p. 167-170.
Riani Y, Kaunang TMD, Dundu AE (inpress). Gambaran tingkat kecemasan wanita hamil aterm di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D.
Kandou Manado. Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi. 2012 Jan:23-4.
Brand HS, Schoonheim-Klein M. Is the OSCE more stressfull? examination anxiety and its consequences in different
assesment methods in dental education. European Journal of Dental Education. 2009;13(3): 14.
Yusoof MSB, Rahim AFA, Baba AA, Ismail SB, Pa MNM, Esa AR. Prevalence and associated factors of stress, anxiety, and
depression among prospective medical student. Asian Journal of Psychiatry 2012; 353: 1-6.
Farooqi YN, Ghani R, Spielberger CD. Gender differences in test anxiety and academic performance of medical students.
International Journal of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences. 2012;2(2):38-43.
Ramaiah S. Kecemasan Bagaimana Mengatasi Penyebabnya. Jakarta. Pustaka Populer Obor. 2003.
Said AZM. konseling Terapi. Jakarta. Gema Insani. 2005.
Rufaidhah, Raharisti E. Fektivitas Terapi Kognitif Perilaku terhadap Penurunan Tingkat Kecerdasan pada Penderita Asma.
Tesis. Universitas Gadjah Mada. 2009.
Peraturan akademik fk umsu untuk mahasiswa.available from :// fk.umsu.ac.id// p.9
(BDI-II). J Psikologi. 2015:(4).
Kaplan,H.I., Sadock,B.J. Retardasimental dalam sinopsis psikiatri. Bina rupa aksara. Tangerang.2010.
Chand SP, Arif H. Depresi. Universitas Drexel, rumah sakit Hahnemann Un.2019.
Zubaidi Moch Mu’id. Penyesuaian Diri pada Mahasiswa Salah Jurusan. Tesis. Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga.
2016.
Mancevska S, Bozinovska L, Tecce J, Pluncevik GJ, Sivevska SE. Depression, anxiety and substance use in medical
students in the Republic of Macedonia. Bratisl Lek Listy. 2008; 109(12):568-72.
Chandratika D, Purnawati S. Gangguan Cemas Pada Mahasiswa Semester I Dan Vii Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana. E-Jurnal Med Udayana. 2014;1–12. Available from:
http://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/eum/article/view/11931
World Health Organization. Depression and other common mental disorders: global health estimates. 2015.
AmericanPsychological Association. Available from: url: http://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/stress/2015/snapshot.aspx.
Suprapta I, Bidjuni H, Karundeng M. faktor intrinsik yang berhubungan dengan tingkat kecemasan pada klien yang terpasang
terapi cairan intravena. 2015; 3(2): 1-7.
Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas). Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan RI. 2013.
Grenier J, Greenman PS, Grenier J, Ps G, Farmanova E. Annals of Depression and Anxiety Scoping Review of Risk Factors
of Anxiety Disorders and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder : A Public Health Perspective. Ann Depress Anxiety. 2015;2(7).
Lazary J, Eszlari N, Juhasz G, Bagdy G. Genetically reduced FAAH activity may be a risk for the development of anxiety and
depression in persons with repetitive childhood trauma. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2016;26(6):1020-1028.
Grisham JR, Anderson TM, Poulton R, Moffitt TE, Andrews G. Childhood neuropsychological deficits associated with adult
obsessive-compulsive disorder. Br J Psychiatry. 2009; 195: 138-141.
Simran G, Sangeeta N, Lily W. Evaluation of examination anxiety status and its associated factors among first professional
medical (MBBS) students. IJIMS 2015; 2(8): 1-11.
Yuhelrida, Andriani P, Sofya AP. tingkat kecemasan dalam menghadapi OSCE FKG Unisyah. 2016;1(11):26–31.
Muris P, van BAM, Arntz A, Schouten E. Behavioral Inhibition as a Risk Factor for the Development of Childhood Anxiety
Disorders: A Longitudinal Study. J Child Fam Stud. 2011; 20: 157-170.
Rapee RM. Family factors in the development and management of anxiety disorders. Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev. 2012; 15:
69-80.
Chavira DA, Stein MB. Childhood social anxiety disorder: from understanding to treatment. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric
Clinics of North America. 2005;14:797–818.
Muris P. The pathogenesis of childhood anxiety disorders: considerations from a developmental psychopathology
perspective. International Journal of Behavioural Development. 2006b;30:5–11.
Brook AC, Schmidt AL. Social anxiety disorder: A review of environmental risk factors. Neuropsychiatry Disease Treat. 2008
Feb; 4(1): 123–143.
Susanto A, Sunoto I. Pengukuran tingkat kecemasan mahasiswa dalam menghadapi skripsi dengan pendekatan fuzzy
infrence system mamdani. 2016; 2(2): 101.
Elvira, Sylvia D & Hadisukanto, Gitayanti 2013. Buku Ajar Psikiatri Edisi Kedua. Jakarta: Badan Penerbit FKUI. hal 259-283.
Sutjiato M, Kandou GD, Tucunan AAT. Hubungan Faktor Internal dan Eksternal dengan Tingkat Stress pada Mahasiswa
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado Internal and External Factors Correlated with Stress Levels Medical
Students University of Sam Ratulangi. 2015:30-42.
Rifai D, Pratiwi N. Analisis jalur terhadap faktor faktor yang mempengaruhi indeks prestasi kumulatif (IPK) mahasiswa.
2018;3(1):31-39.
Rosadi R, Hidayat A, Kharismawan B. Aplikasi K-Means Clustering Untuk Mengelompokan Data Kinerja Akademik
Mahasiswa. 2016;(November):26–7.
Daruyani S, Yuciana W, Hasbi Y. Faktor-Faktor Yang Memepengaruhi Indeks Prestasi Mahasiswa FSM Universitas
Diponegoro Semester Pertama dengan Metode Regresi Logistik Biner. Jurnal. FSM Undip; 2013.
Riezky A K, Sitompul A Z. Hubungan Motivasi Belajar Dengan Indeks Prestasi Kumulatif Mahasiswa Program Studi
Pendidikan Dokter Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Abulyatama. J Aceh Med. 2017;1(2):79–86.
Kertamuda F, Herdiansyah H. Pengaruh Startegi Coping Terhadap Penyesuaian Diri Mahasiswa Baru. Jurnal Universitas
Paramadina Vol.6 No.1, April 2009:11-23.
Rasmun. Stres, Coping dan Adaptasi, Teori dan Pohon Masalah Keperawatan, Jakarta. Sagung Seto, 2014:29.
Carison NR. Psychology, the science of behavior, sixth edition. United states of America, Pearson Education Inc. 2007:536.
Smet B. Psikologi Kesehatan, Jakarta. Grasindo, 1994:143.
Yusuf S. Mental Hygiene, perkembangan kesehatan mental dan kajian psikologi dan agama, Bandung. Pustaka Bani
Quraisy, 2004:115.
Hardjana AM. Stres tanpa distres, Seni mengelola stres, Yogyakarta. Kanisius, 1994:103.
Akbar D. Hubungan Antara Tingkat Kecemasan Dengan Prestasi Akademik Mahasiswa Di Fakultas Psikologi Universitas
Muhammadiyah Surakarta. J Chem Inf Model. 2015;53(9):1689–99.
Vitasari P, Wahab MN, Othman A, Awang MG., The Use of Study Anxiety Intervention in Reducing Anxiety to Improve
Academic Performance among University Students. International Journal of Psychological Studies. 2010; 2:89-95.
Maulana ZF, Soleha TU, Saftrarina F, Siagian JMC. Perbedaan Tingkat Stres antara Mahasiswa Tahun Pertama dan Tahun
Kedua di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Lampung. Majority. 2014;3(4):154-162.
Kautsar F, Gustopo D, Achmadi F. Uji Validitas dan Reliabilitas Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale Terhadap Kecemasan dan
Produktivitas Pekerja Visual Inspection PT . Widatra Bhakti. Semin Nas Teknol. 2015;588–92.
Donzuso G, Cerasa A, Gioia MC, Caracciolo M, Quattrone A. The neuroanatomical correlates of anxiety in a healthy
population: differences between the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale. Brain Behav
2014;4:504– 514.
Maier W, Buller R, Philipp M, Heuser I. The Hamilton Anxiety Scale: reliability, validity and sensitivity to change in anxiety
and depressive disorders. J Affect Disord 1988;14:61–68.
Sastroasmoro S, Ismael S. Dasar-dasar metodologi penelitian klinis, ed.5. Sagung Seto; 2014. p.88-104.
Dahlan MS. Besar sampel dan cara pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian kedokteran dan kesehatan, ed.3. Salemba
Medika; 2013. p. 1-62.
Dahlan MS. STATISTIK untuk kedokteran dan kesehatan, ed.6. Epidemiologi indonesia; 2014. p.71.
Hashmat S, Hashmat M, Aziz S. Factors causing exam anxiety in medical students. Journal of Pakistan Medical Education.
2008; 58(4): p. 167-170.
Riani Y, Kaunang TMD, Dundu AE (inpress). Gambaran tingkat kecemasan wanita hamil aterm di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D.
Kandou Manado. Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi. 2012 Jan:23-4.
Brand HS, Schoonheim-Klein M. Is the OSCE more stressfull? examination anxiety and its consequences in different
assesment methods in dental education. European Journal of Dental Education. 2009;13(3): 14.
Yusoof MSB, Rahim AFA, Baba AA, Ismail SB, Pa MNM, Esa AR. Prevalence and associated factors of stress, anxiety, and
depression among prospective medical student. Asian Journal of Psychiatry 2012; 353: 1-6.
Farooqi YN, Ghani R, Spielberger CD. Gender differences in test anxiety and academic performance of medical students.
International Journal of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences. 2012;2(2):38-43.
Ramaiah S. Kecemasan Bagaimana Mengatasi Penyebabnya. Jakarta. Pustaka Populer Obor. 2003.
Said AZM. konseling Terapi. Jakarta. Gema Insani. 2005.
Rufaidhah, Raharisti E. Fektivitas Terapi Kognitif Perilaku terhadap Penurunan Tingkat Kecerdasan pada Penderita Asma.
Tesis. Universitas Gadjah Mada. 2009.
Peraturan akademik fk umsu untuk mahasiswa.available from :// fk.umsu.ac.id// p.9
_dweqwrwrw.jpg)
